Why the Philippines wants Japan’s old Type 88 missiles

Japan’s Type 88 surface-to-ship missile entered service decades ago and is already being retired in favour of a more capable successor, yet the prospect of Tokyo transferring the ageing system to the Philippines has stirred a debate that reaches far beyond its modest specifications.

Manila expressed interest in acquiring the Type 88 around the same time as Japanese forces were demonstrating the missile’s firepower at joint drills with American and Philippine troops, according to Tokyo-based public broadcaster NHK.

It comes less than a month after Japan eased long-standing restrictions on arms exports, opening a door to lethal weapons sale that Manila – locked in a years-long stand-off with Beijing over the South China Sea – was quick to step through.

Japanese forces fired the Type 88 twice from Philippine territory during this year’s annual US-Philippine Balikatan military drills, marking the system’s first live deployment in the country.